It’s one of the most common cancers — yet one of the least talked about. Colorectal cancer often flies under the radar, and that silence can be dangerous. March is recognised as Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, a time to spark important conversations and empower people with the knowledge needed for early detection, when treatment is most effective and lives can be saved.
Colorectal cancer affects the colon and can cause bleeding, blockage and, in advanced stages, spread to other organs. Most cases begin as small growths called polyps. While not cancerous at first, some polyps can develop into cancer over several years if they are not removed. The encouraging news is that early detection can prevent this progression, as many polyps can be found and removed through screening. Yet awareness remains low.
Dr. Dwight O. Whittle, consultant physician gastroenterologist at Princess Margaret Hospital, says, “Most of my patients with colon cancer have never heard of it previously and were unaware that it is preventable by early detection of polyps and removing them via a colonoscopy.”
Who Is at Risk?
Age remains a major risk factor, particularly for those over 50, although screening is recommended from age 45 or earlier for individuals with a family history of colon cancer or polyps. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, heavy alcohol use and diets high in red or processed meats also increase risk. While traditionally associated with older adults, younger people are now being diagnosed, highlighting the need for greater awareness.
Symptoms May Be Silent
In its early stages, colorectal cancer may cause little or no symptoms, making screening essential. Warning signs can include rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, fatigue and changes in stool appearance. These symptoms should never be ignored.
“The best screening test is done by colonoscopy,” says Dr. Whittle. A colonoscopy can detect early cancer and remove precancerous polyps during the same procedure.
Staying Consistent with Treatment
For those diagnosed, treatment may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy or a combination of approaches. Staying consistent with medication, follow-up appointments and recommended treatment is critical to improving outcomes.
This Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, speak with your healthcare provider about your risk and schedule appropriate screening. Early action could prevent cancer before it starts.
